Here’s a Python implementation based on your R code: import numpy as np from scipy.spatial import euclidean import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from itertools import chain class NMOF: def __init__(self, k, nI): self.k = k self.nI = nI def sum_diff(self, x, X): groups = np.arange(self.k) d_centre = np.zeros((k,)) for g in groups: centre = np.mean(X[x == g, :2], axis=0) d = X[x == g, :2] - centre d_centre[g] = np.sum(d * d) return d_centre def nb(self, x): groups = np.

Understanding Multiple Swipe Views in iOS In recent years, swipe gestures have become increasingly popular as a means of interacting with mobile applications. However, the challenge lies in implementing these gestures within specific views or scopes, rather than across the entire screen. In this article, we’ll delve into the world of multiple swipe views, exploring how to achieve this using the iOS framework. Background: Gesture Recognition and Event Handling Gesture recognition is a crucial aspect of iOS development, allowing developers to detect various user interactions such as taps, pinches, and swipes.

Weak References in Objective-C Properties In Objective-C, properties can have one of two attributes: strong or weak. The primary purpose of these attributes is to manage the memory usage and lifetime of an object. In this blog post, we will delve into the differences between strong and weak references in Objective-C properties. Introduction to Objective-C Properties Before diving into the details of weak references, it’s essential to understand how properties work in Objective-C.

Removing Special Characters from Strings in R In this article, we will explore how to remove special characters from strings in R. We will discuss the sub function and its various options for manipulating strings. Understanding the sub Function The sub function in R is used to replace substrings in a string. It takes three arguments: the pattern to match, the replacement string, and the input string. The syntax of the sub function is as follows:

Data.table Chaining: What’s Happening Under the Hood? In this article, we’ll delve into the world of data.table and explore the behavior of chaining operations in a way that might seem counterintuitive at first. Specifically, we’ll examine why data.table chaining doesn’t create new variables when performing certain assignments. Introduction to Data.table For those who may not be familiar, data.table is a powerful data manipulation library for R that provides efficient and flexible ways to work with data frames.

Spring Data JPA Filter Set of Enum Values with @Query or by Function Name Introduction In this article, we will explore how to filter a set of enum values using Spring Data JPA’s @Query annotation and the JPA function name feature. We will also delve into the world of @Converter annotations to overcome some limitations. Enum Entity with @ElementCollection Let’s start by defining an entity that contains a set of enums as an attribute.

Creating a Countplot with Normalized Y-Axis per Group using Seaborn =========================================================== In this article, we will explore how to create a countplot with a normalized y-axis per group using the popular Python data visualization library, Seaborn. We will delve into the process of creating such plots and provide examples using real-world datasets. Introduction Seaborn is a powerful data visualization library built on top of matplotlib that offers various tools for drawing attractive statistical graphics.

Understanding Segfault 11 with pandas on Python v2.7.6 RC1 on Mac OS X 10.9 Introduction In this article, we will delve into the world of segfaults, a type of runtime error that occurs when a program attempts to access memory incorrectly. Specifically, we’ll explore the phenomenon of segfault 11 and its relation to pandas, Python v2.7.6 RC1, and Mac OS X 10.9. What is Segfault? A segfault (short for “segmentation fault”) is an error that occurs when a program attempts to access memory outside of the valid range defined by the operating system.

Understanding the Challenge with Tab Bar Background Color in Xcode 4.2 and iOS 5 In this article, we will delve into the complexities of customizing the background color of a tab bar in an iPhone application built with Xcode 4.2 on Snow Leopard and targeted at running on iOS 5. Background and Context Xcode 4.2 and its associated development environment provide tools for creating and managing applications on various platforms, including iOS.

Binning 2D Data with Circles Instead of Rectangles: A Step-by-Step Guide ===================================================== As data analysis and visualization continue to advance in various fields, the need for efficient and effective methods to bin and categorize data becomes increasingly important. In this article, we’ll explore a technique used to bin 2D data into circles instead of traditional rectangular bins. We’ll delve into the mathematical concepts behind this method, discuss the challenges associated with using rectangular bins, and provide an in-depth explanation of how to implement circle-based binnings.